replace scode=  2 if sname=="United States of America"
replace scode=  2 if sname=="United States"
replace scode=  2 if sname=="USA"
replace scode=  2 if sname=="U.S."
replace scode= 20 if sname=="Canada"
replace scode= 31 if sname=="Bahamas"
replace scode= 31 if sname=="Bahamas, The"
replace scode= 40 if sname=="Cuba"
replace scode= 41 if sname=="Haiti"
replace scode= 42 if sname=="Dominican Republic"
replace scode= 42 if sname=="dom_rep"
replace scode= 51 if sname=="Jamaica"
replace scode= 52 if sname=="Trinidad and Tobago"
replace scode= 52 if sname=="Trinidad & Tobago"
replace scode= 52 if sname=="Trinidad &Tobago"
replace scode= 52 if sname=="trinidad"
replace scode= 53 if sname=="Barbados"
replace scode= 54 if sname=="Dominica"
replace scode= 55 if sname=="Grenada"
replace scode= 56 if sname=="St. Lucia"
replace scode= 56 if sname=="st_lucia"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="St. Vincent and the Grenadines"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="St. Vincent & Grens."
replace scode= 57 if sname=="St. Vincent & Grenadines"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="St.Vincent & Grenadines"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="st_vince"
replace scode= 58 if sname=="Antigua & Barbuda"
replace scode= 58 if sname=="Antigua and Barbuda"
replace scode= 58 if sname=="Antigua"
replace scode= 60 if sname=="St. Kitts and Nevis"
replace scode= 60 if sname=="St. Kitts & Nevis"
replace scode= 60 if sname=="st_kitts"
replace scode= 70 if sname=="Mexico"
replace scode= 80 if sname=="Belize"
replace scode= 90 if sname=="Guatemala"
replace scode= 90 if sname=="guatemal"
replace scode= 91 if sname=="Honduras"
replace scode= 91 if sname=="hondorus"
replace scode= 92 if sname=="El Salvador"
replace scode= 92 if sname=="el_salv"
replace scode= 93 if sname=="Nicaragua"
replace scode= 93 if sname=="nicaragu"
replace scode= 94 if sname=="Costa Rica"
replace scode= 94 if sname=="cost_ric"
replace scode= 95 if sname=="Panama"
replace scode=100 if sname=="Colombia"
replace scode=101 if sname=="Venezuela"
replace scode=101 if sname=="Venezuela, Rep. Bol."
replace scode=101 if sname=="Venezuela"
replace scode=101 if sname=="Venezuela, RB"
replace scode=101 if sname=="venezuel"
replace scode=110 if sname=="Guyana"
replace scode=115 if sname=="Suriname"
replace scode=130 if sname=="Ecuador"
replace scode=135 if sname=="Peru"
replace scode=140 if sname=="Brazil"
replace scode=145 if sname=="Bolivia"
replace scode=150 if sname=="Paraguay"
replace scode=155 if sname=="Chile"
replace scode=160 if sname=="Argentina"
replace scode=160 if sname=="argent"
replace scode=165 if sname=="Uruguay"
replace scode=200 if sname=="United Kingdom"
replace scode=200 if sname=="uk"
replace scode=205 if sname=="Ireland"
replace scode=210 if sname=="Netherlands"
replace scode=210 if sname=="netherla"
replace scode=211 if sname=="Belgium"
replace scode=212 if sname=="Luxembourg"
replace scode=212 if sname=="luxembou"
replace scode=220 if sname=="France"
replace scode=221 if sname=="Monaco"
replace scode=223 if sname=="Liechtenstein"
replace scode=223 if sname=="liechtensein"
replace scode=225 if sname=="Switzerland"
replace scode=225 if sname=="switzerl"
replace scode=230 if sname=="Spain"
replace scode=232 if sname=="Andorra"
replace scode=235 if sname=="Portugal"
replace scode=255 if sname=="Germany"
replace scode=260 if sname=="German Federal Republic"
replace scode=265 if sname=="German Democratic Republic"
replace scode=290 if sname=="Poland"
replace scode=305 if sname=="Austria"
replace scode=310 if sname=="Hungary"
replace scode=315 if sname=="Czechoslovakia"
replace scode=316 if sname=="Czech Republic"
replace scode=316 if sname=="Czechia"
replace scode=316 if sname=="czech_re"
replace scode=317 if sname=="Slovakia"
replace scode=317 if sname=="Slovak Republic"
replace scode=325 if sname=="Italy"
replace scode=331 if sname=="San Marino"
replace scode=338 if sname=="Malta"
replace scode=339 if sname=="Albania"
replace scode=339 if sname=="albania"
replace scode=341 if sname=="Kosovo"
replace scode=348 if sname=="FYROM"
replace scode=348 if sname=="yugoslav"
replace scode=343 if sname=="North Macedonia"
replace scode=343 if sname=="macedonia"
replace scode=344 if sname=="Croatia"
replace scode=348 if sname=="Yugoslavia"
replace scode=345 if sname=="Serbia"
replace scode=345 if sname=="Serbia and Montenegro, Former"
replace scode=346 if sname=="Bosnia & Herzegovina"
replace scode=346 if sname=="Bosnia and Herzegovina"
replace scode=346 if sname=="bosnia"
replace scode=347 if sname=="montenegro"
replace scode=349 if sname=="Slovenia"
replace scode=350 if sname=="Greece"
replace scode=352 if sname=="Cyprus"
replace scode=355 if sname=="Bulgaria"
replace scode=355 if sname=="Bulgaria"
replace scode=359 if sname=="Moldova"
replace scode=360 if sname=="Romania"
replace scode=365 if sname=="Russia"
replace scode=365 if sname=="Russian Federation"
replace scode=366 if sname=="Estonia"
replace scode=367 if sname=="Latvia"
replace scode=368 if sname=="Lithuania"
replace scode=368 if sname=="lithuani"
replace scode=369 if sname=="Ukraine"
replace scode=370 if sname=="Belarus"
replace scode=371 if sname=="Armenia"
replace scode=372 if sname=="Georgia"
replace scode=373 if sname=="Azerbaijan"
replace scode=373 if sname=="azerbaij"
replace scode=375 if sname=="Finland"
replace scode=380 if sname=="Sweden"
replace scode=385 if sname=="Norway"
replace scode=390 if sname=="Denmark"
replace scode=390 if sname=="Denmark"
replace scode=395 if sname=="Iceland"
replace scode=402 if sname=="Cape Verde"
replace scode=402 if sname=="Cabo Verde"
replace scode=402 if sname=="capeverd"
replace scode=403 if sname=="Sao Tome and Principe"
replace scode=403 if sname=="Sao Tome & Principe"
replace scode=403 if sname=="saotomeprincipe"
replace scode=404 if sname=="Guinea-Bissau"
replace scode=404 if sname=="guin_bis"
replace scode=411 if sname=="Equatorial Guinea"
replace scode=411 if sname=="guinea_equat"
replace scode=420 if sname=="Gambia"
replace scode=420 if sname=="Gambia, The"
replace scode=420 if sname=="The Gambia"
replace scode=432 if sname=="Mali"
replace scode=433 if sname=="Senegal"
replace scode=434 if sname=="Benin"
replace scode=435 if sname=="Mauritania"
replace scode=435 if sname=="mauritan"
replace scode=436 if sname=="Niger"
replace scode=437 if sname=="Ivory Coast"
replace scode=437 if sname=="ivcoast"
replace scode=437 if sname=="Côte d'Ivoire"
replace scode=437 if sname=="Cote d'Ivoire"
replace scode=437 if sname=="Cote d`Ivoire"
replace scode=438 if sname=="Guinea"
replace scode=439 if sname=="Burkina Faso"
replace scode=439 if sname=="burkfas"
replace scode=450 if sname=="Liberia"
replace scode=451 if sname=="Sierra Leone"
replace scode=451 if sname=="sier_le"
replace scode=452 if sname=="Ghana"
replace scode=461 if sname=="Togo"
replace scode=471 if sname=="Cameroon"
replace scode=475 if sname=="Nigeria"
replace scode=481 if sname=="Gabon"
replace scode=482 if sname=="Central African Republic"
replace scode=482 if sname=="Central African Rep."
replace scode=482 if sname=="Central African Rep"
replace scode=483 if sname=="Chad"
replace scode=484 if sname=="Congo"
replace scode=484 if sname=="Congo, Republic of the"
replace scode=484 if sname=="Congo, Republic of"
replace scode=484 if sname=="Congo, Rep."
replace scode=484 if sname=="Congo, Rep"
replace scode=484 if sname=="Congo-Brazzaville"
replace scode=484 if sname=="Congo, Brazzaville"
replace scode=484 if sname=="Congo (Brazzaville)"
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo_br"
replace scode=490 if sname=="Democratic Republic of the Congo"
replace scode=490 if sname=="Congo, Democratic Republic of the"
replace scode=490 if sname=="Congo, Democratic Republic"
replace scode=490 if sname=="Congo, Dem. Rep. of"
replace scode=490 if sname=="Congo, Dem. Rep."
replace scode=490 if sname=="Congo-Kinshasa"
replace scode=490 if sname=="Congo, DR"
replace scode=490 if sname=="Zaire"
replace scode=500 if sname=="Uganda"
replace scode=501 if sname=="Kenya"
replace scode=510 if sname=="Tanzania"
replace scode=511 if sname=="Zanzibar"
replace scode=516 if sname=="Burundi"
replace scode=517 if sname=="Rwanda"
replace scode=520 if sname=="Somalia"
replace scode=522 if sname=="Djibouti"
replace scode=530 if sname=="Ethiopia"
replace scode=531 if sname=="Eritrea"
replace scode=540 if sname=="Angola"
replace scode=541 if sname=="Mozambique"
replace scode=541 if sname=="mozamb"
replace scode=551 if sname=="Zambia"
replace scode=552 if sname=="Zimbabwe"
replace scode=553 if sname=="Malawi"
replace scode=560 if sname=="South Africa"
replace scode=560 if sname=="sth_afr"
replace scode=565 if sname=="Namibia"
replace scode=570 if sname=="Lesotho"
replace scode=571 if sname=="Botswana"
replace scode=571 if sname=="botswan"
replace scode=572 if sname=="Swaziland"
replace scode=572 if sname=="swazilan"
replace scode=572 if sname=="Eswatini"
replace scode=580 if sname=="Madagascar"
replace scode=580 if sname=="madagasc"
replace scode=581 if sname=="Comoros"
replace scode=590 if sname=="Mauritius"
replace scode=590 if sname=="mauritiu"
replace scode=591 if sname=="Seychelles"
replace scode=591 if sname=="seychel"
replace scode=600 if sname=="Morocco"
replace scode=615 if sname=="Algeria"
replace scode=616 if sname=="Tunisia"
replace scode=620 if sname=="Libya"
replace scode=620 if sname=="lybia"
replace scode=625 if sname=="Sudan"
replace scode=630 if sname=="Iran"
replace scode=630 if sname=="Iran, Islamic Republic"
replace scode=630 if sname=="Iran, Ismalic Rep."
replace scode=630 if sname=="Iran, Islamic Rep."
replace scode=630 if sname=="Iran, Ismalic Rep"
replace scode=640 if sname=="Turkey"
replace scode=645 if sname=="Iraq" 
replace scode=651 if sname=="Egypt"
replace scode=651 if sname=="Egypt, Arab Republic"
replace scode=651 if sname=="Egypt, Arab Rep."
replace scode=652 if sname=="Syria"
replace scode=652 if sname=="Syria"
replace scode=652 if sname=="Syrian Arab Republic"
replace scode=660 if sname=="Lebanon"
replace scode=663 if sname=="Jordan"
replace scode=666 if sname=="Israel"
replace scode=667 if sname=="palestin"
replace scode=670 if sname=="Saudi Arabia"
replace scode=670 if sname=="saudi_ar"
replace scode=678 if sname=="Yemen Arab Republic"
replace scode=679 if sname=="Yemen"
replace scode=679 if sname=="Yemen, Rep."
replace scode=679 if sname=="Yemen, Republic of"
replace scode=680 if sname=="Yemen People's Republic"
replace scode=690 if sname=="Kuwait"
replace scode=692 if sname=="Bahrain"
replace scode=694 if sname=="Qatar"
replace scode=696 if sname=="United Arab Emirates"
replace scode=696 if sname=="u_ar_em"
replace scode=698 if sname=="Oman"
replace scode=700 if sname=="Afghanistan"
replace scode=700 if sname=="afghanis"
replace scode=701 if sname=="Turkmenistan"
replace scode=702 if sname=="Tajikistan"
replace scode=702 if sname=="tajiksta"
replace scode=703 if sname=="Kyrgyzstan"
replace scode=703 if sname=="Kyrgyz Republic"
replace scode=704 if sname=="Uzbekistan"
replace scode=704 if sname=="uzbekist"
replace scode=705 if sname=="Kazakhstan"
replace scode=705 if sname=="kazakhst"
replace scode=710 if sname=="China"
replace scode=710 if sname=="China, People's Republic"
replace scode=710 if sname=="China, People's Rep."
replace scode=710 if sname=="China, People's Rep"
replace scode=710 if sname=="China, PRC"
replace scode=710 if sname=="China (P.R.C.)"
replace scode=710 if sname=="China,P.R.: Mainland"
replace scode=710 if sname=="china_pr"
replace scode=712 if sname=="Mongolia"
replace scode=713 if sname=="Taiwan"
replace scode=713 if sname=="Taiwan, China"
replace scode=713 if sname=="China (Taiwan)"
replace scode=730 if sname=="Korea"
replace scode=731 if sname=="North Korea"
replace scode=731 if sname=="n_korea"
replace scode=731 if sname=="Korea, North"
replace scode=731 if sname=="Korea, Democratic Republic"
replace scode=731 if sname=="Korea, Dem. People's Rep."
replace scode=731 if sname=="Korea, Dem. Rep."
replace scode=732 if sname=="South Korea"
replace scode=732 if sname=="Korea"
replace scode=732 if sname=="Korea, Republic of"
replace scode=732 if sname=="Republic of Korea"
replace scode=732 if sname=="kor_rep"
replace scode=732 if sname=="Korea, Rep."
replace scode=740 if sname=="Japan"
replace scode=750 if sname=="India"
replace scode=760 if sname=="Bhutan"
replace scode=770 if sname=="Pakistan"
replace scode=771 if sname=="Bangladesh"
replace scode=771 if sname=="banglade"
replace scode=775 if sname=="Myanmar"
replace scode=775 if sname=="Burma/Myanmar"
replace scode=775 if sname=="Burma (Myanmar)"
replace scode=780 if sname=="Sri Lanka"
replace scode=780 if sname=="sri_lank"
replace scode=781 if sname=="Maldives"
replace scode=790 if sname=="Nepal"
replace scode=800 if sname=="Thailand"
replace scode=811 if sname=="Cambodia"
replace scode=812 if sname=="Laos"
replace scode=812 if sname=="Lao People's Dem.Rep"
replace scode=812 if sname=="Lao PDR"
replace scode=816 if sname=="Vietnam"
replace scode=816 if sname=="Republic of Vietnam"
replace scode=816 if sname=="Vietnam, Republic of"
replace scode=820 if sname=="Malaysia"
replace scode=830 if sname=="Singapore"
replace scode=830 if sname=="singnapo"
replace scode=835 if sname=="Brunei"
replace scode=835 if sname=="Brunei Darussalam"
replace scode=835 if sname=="brun_dar"
replace scode=840 if sname=="Philippines"
replace scode=840 if sname=="philippi"
replace scode=850 if sname=="Indonesia"
replace scode=850 if sname=="indonesi"
replace scode=860 if sname=="East Timor"
replace scode=860 if sname=="east_timor"
replace scode=860 if sname=="Timor-Leste"
replace scode=900 if sname=="Australia"
replace scode=900 if sname=="australi"
replace scode=910 if sname=="Papua New Guinea"
replace scode=910 if sname=="papua_ng"
replace scode=920 if sname=="New Zealand"
replace scode=920 if sname=="new_zeal"
replace scode=935 if sname=="Vanuatu"
replace scode=940 if sname=="Solomon Islands"
replace scode=940 if sname=="solomon_is"
replace scode=946 if sname=="Kiribati"
replace scode=947 if sname=="Tuvalu"
replace scode=950 if sname=="Fiji" 
replace scode=955 if sname=="Tonga"
replace scode=970 if sname=="Nauru"
replace scode=983 if sname=="Marshall Islands"
replace scode=983 if sname=="marshall_is"
replace scode=986 if sname=="Palau"
replace scode=987 if sname=="Federated States of Micronesia"
replace scode=987 if sname=="micronesia"
replace scode=987 if sname=="Micronesia, Fed. Sts."
replace scode=987 if sname=="Micronesia (Federated States of)"
replace scode=990 if sname=="Samoa"

replace scode=  2 if sname=="united states of america"
replace scode=  2 if sname=="united states"
replace scode=  2 if sname=="usa"
replace scode=  2 if sname=="u.s."
replace scode= 20 if sname=="canada"
replace scode= 31 if sname=="bahamas"
replace scode= 31 if sname=="bahamas, the"
replace scode= 40 if sname=="cuba"
replace scode= 41 if sname=="haiti"
replace scode= 42 if sname=="dominican republic"
replace scode= 42 if sname=="dom_rep"
replace scode= 51 if sname=="jamaica"
replace scode= 52 if sname=="trinidad and tobago"
replace scode= 52 if sname=="trinidad & tobago"
replace scode= 52 if sname=="trinidad &tobago"
replace scode= 52 if sname=="trinidad"
replace scode= 53 if sname=="barbados"
replace scode= 54 if sname=="dominica"
replace scode= 55 if sname=="grenada"
replace scode= 56 if sname=="st. lucia"
replace scode= 56 if sname=="st_lucia"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="st. vincent and the grenadines"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="st. vincent & grens."
replace scode= 57 if sname=="st. vincent & grenadines"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="st.vincent & grenadines"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="St. Vincent and Grenadines"
replace scode= 57 if sname=="st_vince"
replace scode= 58 if sname=="antigua & barbuda"
replace scode= 58 if sname=="antigua and barbuda"
replace scode= 58 if sname=="antigua"
replace scode= 60 if sname=="st. kitts and nevis"
replace scode= 60 if sname=="st. kitts & nevis"
replace scode= 60 if sname=="st_kitts"
replace scode= 70 if sname=="mexico"
replace scode= 80 if sname=="belize"
replace scode= 90 if sname=="guatemala"
replace scode= 91 if sname=="honduras"
replace scode= 92 if sname=="el salvador"
replace scode= 92 if sname=="el_salv"
replace scode= 93 if sname=="nicaragua"
replace scode= 93 if sname=="nicaragu"
replace scode= 94 if sname=="costa rica"
replace scode= 94 if sname=="cost_ric"
replace scode= 95 if sname=="panama"
replace scode=100 if sname=="colombia"
replace scode=101 if sname=="venezuela"
replace scode=101 if sname=="venezuela, rep. bol."
replace scode=101 if sname=="venezuela"
replace scode=101 if sname=="venezuela, rb"
replace scode=101 if sname=="venezuel"
replace scode=110 if sname=="guyana"
replace scode=115 if sname=="suriname"
replace scode=130 if sname=="ecuador"
replace scode=135 if sname=="peru"
replace scode=140 if sname=="brazil"
replace scode=145 if sname=="bolivia"
replace scode=150 if sname=="paraguay"
replace scode=155 if sname=="chile"
replace scode=160 if sname=="argentina"
replace scode=160 if sname=="argent"
replace scode=165 if sname=="uruguay"
replace scode=200 if sname=="united kingdom"
replace scode=200 if sname=="uk"
replace scode=205 if sname=="ireland"
replace scode=210 if sname=="netherlands"
replace scode=210 if sname=="netherla"
replace scode=211 if sname=="belgium"
replace scode=212 if sname=="luxembourg"
replace scode=212 if sname=="luxembou"
replace scode=220 if sname=="france"
replace scode=221 if sname=="monaco"
replace scode=223 if sname=="liechtenstein"
replace scode=225 if sname=="switzerland"
replace scode=225 if sname=="switzerl"
replace scode=230 if sname=="spain"
replace scode=232 if sname=="andorra"
replace scode=235 if sname=="portugal"
replace scode=255 if sname=="germany"
replace scode=260 if sname=="german federal republic"
replace scode=265 if sname=="german democratic republic"
replace scode=290 if sname=="poland"
replace scode=305 if sname=="austria"
replace scode=310 if sname=="hungary"
replace scode=315 if sname=="czechoslovakia"
replace scode=316 if sname=="czech republic"
replace scode=316 if sname=="czech_re"
replace scode=317 if sname=="slovakia"
replace scode=317 if sname=="slovak republic"
replace scode=325 if sname=="italy"
replace scode=331 if sname=="san marino"
replace scode=338 if sname=="malta"
replace scode=339 if sname=="albania"
replace scode=339 if sname=="albania"
replace scode=341 if sname=="kosovo"
replace scode=345 if sname=="fyrom"
replace scode=348 if sname=="yugoslav"
replace scode=343 if sname=="north macedonia"
replace scode=343 if sname=="macedonia"
replace scode=343 if sname=="Macedonia, Former Yugoslav Republic"
replace scode=344 if sname=="croatia"
replace scode=348 if sname=="yugoslavia"
replace scode=345 if sname=="serbia"
replace scode=345 if sname=="serbia"
replace scode=346 if sname=="bosnia & herzegovina"
replace scode=346 if sname=="bosnia and herzegovina"
replace scode=346 if sname=="bosnia"
replace scode=347 if sname=="montenegro"
replace scode=347 if sname=="Montenegro"
replace scode=349 if sname=="slovenia"
replace scode=350 if sname=="greece"
replace scode=352 if sname=="cyprus"
replace scode=355 if sname=="bulgaria"
replace scode=355 if sname=="bulgaria"
replace scode=359 if sname=="moldova"
replace scode=360 if sname=="romania"
replace scode=365 if sname=="russia"
replace scode=365 if sname=="russian federation"
replace scode=366 if sname=="estonia"
replace scode=367 if sname=="latvia"
replace scode=368 if sname=="lithuania"
replace scode=368 if sname=="lithuani"
replace scode=369 if sname=="ukraine"
replace scode=370 if sname=="belarus"
replace scode=371 if sname=="armenia"
replace scode=372 if sname=="georgia"
replace scode=373 if sname=="azerbaijan"
replace scode=373 if sname=="azerbaij"
replace scode=375 if sname=="finland"
replace scode=380 if sname=="sweden"
replace scode=385 if sname=="norway"
replace scode=390 if sname=="denmark"
replace scode=390 if sname=="denmark"
replace scode=395 if sname=="iceland"
replace scode=402 if sname=="cape verde"
replace scode=402 if sname=="cabo verde"
replace scode=402 if sname=="capeverd"
replace scode=403 if sname=="sao tome and principe"
replace scode=403 if sname=="saotomeprincipe"
replace scode=404 if sname=="guinea-bissau"
replace scode=404 if sname=="guin_bis"
replace scode=411 if sname=="equatorial guinea"
replace scode=411 if sname=="guinea_equat"
replace scode=420 if sname=="gambia"
replace scode=420 if sname=="gambia, the"
replace scode=432 if sname=="mali"
replace scode=433 if sname=="senegal"
replace scode=434 if sname=="benin"
replace scode=435 if sname=="mauritania"
replace scode=435 if sname=="mauritan"
replace scode=436 if sname=="niger"
replace scode=437 if sname=="ivory coast"
replace scode=437 if sname=="ivcoast"
replace scode=437 if sname=="côte d'ivoire"
replace scode=437 if sname=="cote d'ivoire"
replace scode=437 if sname=="cote d`ivoire"
replace scode=438 if sname=="guinea"
replace scode=439 if sname=="burkina faso"
replace scode=439 if sname=="burkfas"
replace scode=450 if sname=="liberia"
replace scode=451 if sname=="sierra leone"
replace scode=451 if sname=="sier_le"
replace scode=452 if sname=="ghana"
replace scode=461 if sname=="togo"
replace scode=471 if sname=="cameroon"
replace scode=475 if sname=="nigeria"
replace scode=481 if sname=="gabon"
replace scode=482 if sname=="central african republic"
replace scode=482 if sname=="central african rep."
replace scode=482 if sname=="central african rep"
replace scode=483 if sname=="chad"
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo"
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo, republic of the"
replace scode=484 if sname=="Republic of the Congo"
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo, republic of"
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo, rep."
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo, rep"
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo-brazzaville"
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo, brazzaville"
replace scode=484 if sname=="congo_br"
replace scode=490 if sname=="democratic republic of the congo"
replace scode=490 if sname=="congo, democratic republic of the"
replace scode=490 if sname=="congo, democratic republic"
replace scode=490 if sname=="congo, dem. rep. of"
replace scode=490 if sname=="congo, dem. rep."
replace scode=490 if sname=="congo-kinshasa"
replace scode=490 if sname=="Congo (Kinshasa)"
replace scode=490 if sname=="congo, dr"
replace scode=490 if sname=="congo_dr"
replace scode=490 if sname=="zaire"
replace scode=500 if sname=="uganda"
replace scode=501 if sname=="kenya"
replace scode=510 if sname=="tanzania"
replace scode=511 if sname=="zanzibar"
replace scode=516 if sname=="burundi"
replace scode=517 if sname=="rwanda"
replace scode=520 if sname=="somalia"
replace scode=522 if sname=="djibouti"
replace scode=530 if sname=="ethiopia"
replace scode=531 if sname=="eritrea"
replace scode=540 if sname=="angola"
replace scode=541 if sname=="mozambique"
replace scode=541 if sname=="mozamb"
replace scode=551 if sname=="zambia"
replace scode=552 if sname=="zimbabwe"
replace scode=553 if sname=="malawi"
replace scode=560 if sname=="south africa"
replace scode=560 if sname=="sth_afr"
replace scode=565 if sname=="namibia"
replace scode=570 if sname=="lesotho"
replace scode=571 if sname=="botswana"
replace scode=571 if sname=="botswan"
replace scode=572 if sname=="swaziland"
replace scode=572 if sname=="swazilan"
replace scode=572 if sname=="eswatini"
replace scode=580 if sname=="madagascar"
replace scode=580 if sname=="madagasc"
replace scode=581 if sname=="comoros"
replace scode=590 if sname=="mauritius"
replace scode=590 if sname=="mauritiu"
replace scode=591 if sname=="seychelles"
replace scode=591 if sname=="seychel"
replace scode=600 if sname=="morocco"
replace scode=615 if sname=="algeria"
replace scode=616 if sname=="tunisia"
replace scode=620 if sname=="libya"
replace scode=625 if sname=="sudan"
replace scode=630 if sname=="iran"
replace scode=630 if sname=="iran, islamic republic"
replace scode=630 if sname=="iran, ismalic rep."
replace scode=630 if sname=="iran, islamic rep."
replace scode=630 if sname=="iran, ismalic rep"
replace scode=640 if sname=="turkey"
replace scode=645 if sname=="iraq" 
replace scode=651 if sname=="egypt"
replace scode=651 if sname=="egypt, arab republic"
replace scode=651 if sname=="egypt, arab rep."
replace scode=652 if sname=="syria"
replace scode=652 if sname=="syria"
replace scode=652 if sname=="syrian arab republic"
replace scode=660 if sname=="lebanon"
replace scode=663 if sname=="jordan"
replace scode=666 if sname=="israel"
replace scode=667 if sname=="palestin"
replace scode=667 if sname=="Palestine/Gaza"
replace scode=667 if sname=="Palestine/West Bank"
replace scode=667 if sname=="West Bank/Gaza"
replace scode=670 if sname=="saudi arabia"
replace scode=670 if sname=="saudi_ar"
replace scode=678 if sname=="yemen arab republic"
replace scode=679 if sname=="yemen"
replace scode=679 if sname=="yemen, rep."
replace scode=679 if sname=="yemen, republic of"
replace scode=680 if sname=="yemen people's republic"
replace scode=690 if sname=="kuwait"
replace scode=692 if sname=="bahrain"
replace scode=694 if sname=="qatar"
replace scode=696 if sname=="united arab emirates"
replace scode=696 if sname=="u_ar_em"
replace scode=698 if sname=="oman"
replace scode=700 if sname=="afghanistan"
replace scode=700 if sname=="afghanis"
replace scode=701 if sname=="turkmenistan"
replace scode=702 if sname=="tajikistan"
replace scode=702 if sname=="tajiksta"
replace scode=703 if sname=="kyrgyzstan"
replace scode=703 if sname=="kyrgyz republic"
replace scode=704 if sname=="uzbekistan"
replace scode=704 if sname=="uzbekist"
replace scode=705 if sname=="kazakhstan"
replace scode=705 if sname=="kazakhst"
replace scode=710 if sname=="china"
replace scode=710 if sname=="china, people's republic"
replace scode=710 if sname=="china, people's rep."
replace scode=710 if sname=="china, people's rep"
replace scode=710 if sname=="china, prc"
replace scode=710 if sname=="china,p.r.: mainland"
replace scode=712 if sname=="mongolia"
replace scode=713 if sname=="taiwan"
replace scode=713 if sname=="taiwan, china"
replace scode=730 if sname=="korea"
replace scode=731 if sname=="north korea"
replace scode=731 if sname=="n_korea"
replace scode=731 if sname=="korea, democratic republic"
replace scode=731 if sname=="korea, dem. people's rep."
replace scode=731 if sname=="korea, dem. rep."
replace scode=732 if sname=="south korea"
replace scode=732 if sname=="Korea, South"
replace scode=732 if sname=="korea"
replace scode=732 if sname=="korea, republic of"
replace scode=732 if sname=="republic of korea"
replace scode=732 if sname=="kor_rep"
replace scode=732 if sname=="korea, rep."
replace scode=740 if sname=="japan"
replace scode=750 if sname=="india"
replace scode=760 if sname=="bhutan"
replace scode=770 if sname=="pakistan"
replace scode=771 if sname=="bangladesh"
replace scode=771 if sname=="banglade"
replace scode=775 if sname=="myanmar"
replace scode=780 if sname=="sri lanka"
replace scode=780 if sname=="sri_lank"
replace scode=781 if sname=="maldives"
replace scode=790 if sname=="nepal"
replace scode=800 if sname=="thailand"
replace scode=811 if sname=="cambodia"
replace scode=812 if sname=="laos"
replace scode=812 if sname=="lao people's dem.rep"
replace scode=812 if sname=="lao pdr"
replace scode=816 if sname=="vietnam"
replace scode=816 if sname=="republic of vietnam"
replace scode=816 if sname=="vietnam, republic of"
replace scode=820 if sname=="malaysia"
replace scode=830 if sname=="singapore"
replace scode=835 if sname=="brunei"
replace scode=835 if sname=="brunei darussalam"
replace scode=835 if sname=="brun_dar"
replace scode=840 if sname=="philippines"
replace scode=840 if sname=="philippi"
replace scode=850 if sname=="indonesia"
replace scode=850 if sname=="indonesi"
replace scode=860 if sname=="east timor"
replace scode=860 if sname=="east_timor"
replace scode=860 if sname=="east_tim"
replace scode=860 if sname=="timor-leste"
replace scode=900 if sname=="australia"
replace scode=900 if sname=="australi"
replace scode=910 if sname=="papua new guinea"
replace scode=910 if sname=="papau_ng"
replace scode=920 if sname=="new zealand"
replace scode=920 if sname=="new_zeal"
replace scode=935 if sname=="vanuatu"
replace scode=940 if sname=="solomon islands"
replace scode=940 if sname=="solomon_is"
replace scode=946 if sname=="kiribati"
replace scode=947 if sname=="tuvalu"
replace scode=950 if sname=="fiji" 
replace scode=955 if sname=="tonga"
replace scode=970 if sname=="nauru"
replace scode=983 if sname=="marshall islands"
replace scode=983 if sname=="marshall_is"
replace scode=986 if sname=="palau"
replace scode=987 if sname=="federated states of micronesia"
replace scode=987 if sname=="micronesia"
replace scode=987 if sname=="micronesia, fed. sts."
replace scode=987 if sname=="Micronesia (Federated States of)"
replace scode=990 if sname=="samoa"
